Did you know 50 to 70 percent of autistic people are hypersensitive to everyday sounds? According to Spark for Autism, this hypersensitivity can cause distress and interfere with routine activities like driving to work in noisy traffic or sitting in a bustling classroom.
In this blog, we will explore the impact of sound, as well as audio, on the autism community and how it can be used to amplify understanding and support. We will draw insights from various sources— including Sabrina Manno, Director of Marketing for the League School for Autism and parent of a child with autism—and learn about the benefits of audio interventions, such as the use of headphones and auditory feedback devices.
Sensory overwhelm and hypersensitivity
One of the challenges faced by many autistic people is sensory overwhelm, including hypersensitivity to sound.
“Everyday sounds that may seem mundane to neurotypical people can transform into intense reactions for those on the autism spectrum. The rustle of leaves, the hum of fluorescent lights, or the clatter of dishes can escalate from mere background noise to an overwhelming barrage of sensations,” Manno explains, “These auditory stimuli can trigger a visceral and often intense reaction, sending people with autism into a state of distress or even panic.”
This hypersensitivity to sound can be characterized by three main types:
- Misophonia – A heightened sensitivity or aversion to specific sounds, often leading to strong emotional reactions.
- Hyperacusis – An increased sensitivity to ordinary environmental sounds, resulting in discomfort or pain at lower volume levels.
- Phonophobia – An intense fear or avoidance of certain sounds or environments where those sounds are present.
The benefits of headphones
Wearing headphones is a common strategy used by autistic people to reduce the intensity of auditory input and prevent sensory overload. An article by Lindsay Leiviska, MAT for A Heart for All Students highlights the various reasons why headphones are beneficial including supporting emotional regulation, increasing alertness, enhancing focus, promoting social inclusion, better comprehension, and better sleep and rest.
According to Manno, “Headphones offer a crucial sense of control and empowerment for people with autism. They serve as a powerful tool to navigate the complexities of sensory experiences in challenging environments, providing a much-needed sanctuary amidst overwhelming stimuli.”
Auditory processing disorder
Autism is often associated with auditory processing difficulties, leading to challenges in understanding spoken language and hindering communication and learning. Children with autism may struggle to decipher the nuances of speech, impeding their ability to engage with the world around them as they grow up.
In an article for Autism Speaks, Sophie Schwartz highlights, “The problem doesn’t stem from impaired hearing. The challenge involves difficulty processing sounds in the brain.” Indeed, many parents of autistic children observe auditory sensitivities or processing challenges early on, often preceding a formal autism diagnosis.
While research is still being explored about APD and autism, auditory feedback devices, such as Forbrain, offer a promising solution at the forefront of addressing these challenges. By utilizing bone conduction technology, this headset accelerates and amplifies an individual’s voice, providing immediate feedback on speech production. This real-time feedback enhances auditory processing abilities, enabling people with autism to better comprehend language and communicate effectively.
Environmental modifications
Autistic individuals may experience profound sensory differences that significantly impact their daily lives. Autism Tasmania describes these sensory differences and the challenges they present, “A person with autism may experience difficulties interpreting and organizing input from what they see, taste, touch, hear and smell. Sensory perceptions can become frightening or even painful and can lead to high anxiety and meltdowns.”
In the same article, they highlight that the most accessible solution to these sensory hyper or hypo sensitivities are environmental modifications. Some examples would be:
- Reducing background noise by using noise-canceling headphones or soundproofing rooms.
- Creating sensory-friendly spaces with adjustable lighting, comfortable seating, and calming sensory activities.
- Providing visual supports such as visual schedules or picture communication systems to supplement auditory information.
Manno adds, “Creating sensory-friendly environments and making necessary adaptations can help people with autism better navigate and participate in their surroundings.”
Amplifying understanding and support for the autism community
The impact of audio and sound on the autism community is significant. Understanding and addressing auditory sensitivities can greatly improve the quality of life for people with autism. Headphones, auditory feedback devices, and environmental modifications are just a few examples of interventions that can enhance understanding and support for the autism community.
“By acknowledging and accommodating the unique sensory experiences of people with autism, we can create a more inclusive and supportive environment,” Manno affirms.
Autism Awareness Month, which can also be referred to as World Autism Month, is the month of April and is a time to shed light on the many strengths and challenges of neurodivergent individuals. It also serves as a poignant reminder of the importance of understanding and supporting people with autism.
“Practicing autism awareness and acceptance throughout the year empowers neurodivergent individuals with the dignity, respect, and support that every person deserves,” concludes Manno.
Together, let us continue to advocate for inclusivity, acceptance, and empowerment for the autism community during this significant month and every day thereafter.
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